The WAP protocol was designed to show internet contents on wireless clients, like mobile phones.
What you should already know
Before you continue you should have a basic understanding of the following:
§ WWW, HTML and the basics of building Web pages
§ JavaScript
§ XML
If you want to study these subjects first, before you start reading about WAP and the wireless markup language WML, you can find the tutorials you need at W3Schools' Home Page
What is WAP?
The wireless industry came up with the idea of WAP. The point of this standard was to show internet contents on wireless clients, like mobile phones.
§ WAP stands for Wireless Application Protocol
§ WAP is an application communication protocol
§ WAP is used to access services and information
§ WAP is inherited from Internet standards
§ WAP is for handheld devices such as mobile phones
§ WAP is a protocol designed for micro browsers
§ WAP enables the creating of web applications for mobile devices.
§ WAP uses the mark-up language WML (not HTML)
§ WML is defined as an XML 1.0 application
WAP Micro Browsers
To fit into a small wireless terminal, WAP uses a Micro Browser.
A Micro Browser is a small piece of software that makes minimal demands on hardware, memory and CPU. It can display information written in a restricted mark-up language called WML.
The Micro Browser can also interpret a reduced version of JavaScript called WMLScript.
What is WML?
WML stands for Wireless Markup Language. It is a mark-up language inherited from HTML, but WML is based on XML, so it is much stricter than HTML.
WML is used to create pages that can be displayed in a WAP browser. Pages in WML are called DECKS. Decks are constructed as a set of CARDS.
What is WMLScript?
WML uses WMLScript to run simple code on the client. WMLScript is a light JavaScript language. However, WML scripts are not embedded in the WML pages. WML pages only contains references to script URLs. WML scripts need to be compiled into byte code on a server before they can run in a WAP browser.
Visit our WMLScript tutorial to learn more about scripting in WML documents.
Examples of WAP use
§ Checking train table information
§ Ticket purchase
§ Flight check in
§ Viewing traffic information
§ Checking weather conditions
§ Looking up stock values
§ Looking up phone numbers
§ Looking up addresses
Looking up sport results
FAQ about WAP
These are frequently asked question about WAP:
§ What is WAP?
§ Who is WAP for?
§ How does WAP relate to standardization bodies?
§ How is WAP related to Internet standards?
§ What is the status of WAP?
§ What is the future of WAP?
We will try to answer most of these questions. In the meantime read the answers at: http://www.wapforum.org/faqs/index.htm.
WAP Homepages
WAP homepages are not very different from HTML homepages. The markup language used for WAP is WML (Wireless Markup Language). WML uses tags - just like HTML - but the syntax is stricter and conforms to the XML 1.0 standard.
WML pages have the extension *.WML, just like HTML pages have the extension *.HTML.
WML Decks and Cards
WML pages are called DECKS. They are constructed as a set of CARDS, related to each other with links. When a WML page is accessed from a mobile phone, all the cards in the page are downloaded from the WAP server. Navigation between the cards is done by the phone computer - inside the phone - without any extra access trips to the server.
Example WML document:
<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.1//EN""http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml"><wml><card id="HTML" title="HTML Tutorial"><p>Our HTML Tutorial is an award winning tutorial from W3Schools.</p></card><card id="XML" title="XML Tutorial"><p>Our XML Tutorial is an award winning tutorial from W3Schools.</p></card></wml>
As you can see from the example, the WML document is an XML document. The DOCTYPE is defined to be wml, and the DTD is accessed at www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml.
The document content is inside the <wml>...</wml> tags. Each card in the document is inside <card>...</card> tags, and actual paragraphs are inside <p>...</p> tags.
Each card element has an id and a title.
Useful Info. Thx